State achievements of Indian Science during medieval period in the fields of astronomy and physical sciences, chemistry and medicine. Fst 01

State achievements of Indian Science during medieval period in the fields of astronomy and physical sciences, chemistry and medicine. 10
Ans:  Science and Technology in Medieval India
During the medieval times in India, the greatest Indian contribution was in the use of decimal system. The Indians also tried to calculate latitudes of some places which were based on the timings of the eclipse at different places.
Achievements in Science: Achievements in scientific areas like astronomy and medicine continued from the Delhi Sultans as well as from Mughal Emperors and their nobility. Besides using astronomy in making calendars, it was also used for casting horoscopes. The kings of the Mughal period made many astronomical observations which in turn led to the construction of large sized observational instruments for fixing time and determining latitudes. In the field of geography, advancement was made in the form of World Atlas in which maps of different countries were prepared.
In chemistry, zinc was isolated; brass which is an alloy of copper and zinc was developed. Copper vessels were developed. Soldering and tin-coating of copper and brass were other important features in the area of chemistry.
In medicine Unani (Greek) system of medicine became popular. Hakims and vaids worked for the emperor. Surgery and orthopedics were regularly practiced.
From the study above we learnt that science in medieval India was at a slow pace as the learning was restricted only to a small elite group.
Technical Innovations and Inventions: Technology was very advanced during the medieval period. Some technical devices like gearing, belt-drive, weaving, paper manufacturing, distillation, architecture, military technology, and metal screws, ship-building and in some areas of agriculture were invented or improved in the medieval India.