Analyse the role of Sukru Jani in Paraja.

Analyse the role of Sukru Jani in Paraja. 

 [Dec-2013, Q.No.-8]

Ans. In the novel Paraja, Sukru lani and his family are . taken as Sukru representative of the 'Paraja tribe. The novel begins by situating Sukru Jani and his family in a village inhabited by the'Paraja' who live in thatche huts on Paraja' street, while in the next street live the Domes. Their needs are simple and their desires are limited to a bowl of mandia gruel every morning and again in the evening, a piece of land to cultivate, and a pieces of cloth to cover their body. Sukru Jani's wife Sombari is dead, killed by a man-eating tiger and since then he has lived with his sons Mandi and Tikra, and his daughters Jili and Bili. Sukru Jani is the natural protagonist of the novel as the story of the novel revolves around his destiny, elations and mourning’s. He played a vital role as a patriarch of the 'Paraja' tribe by killing the cruel landowner Ram Bisoi. Sukru Jani universalizes not only his the tribe 'Paraja only but he also represents many other tribes like 'Paraja' who prefer to stay in their limited world but are being infringed upon by materialistic civilization to achieve their goals with the help of power. He is now old but not senile or debilitated. He is hard working, honest, conscientious and loves his children. A typical 'Paraja' tribesman with an intense love for the  land and a sense of humor, he is unable to deal with the machinations of the the outsiders especially when they come armed with the powers of the states such as guards.The story of Sukru Janis life is in a way story of the elite of the Parajas, the whole tribe. The writer emphatically points at the  unscrupulous means adopted by non-tribals to usurp tribal land through unfair methods.

Sukru Jani has in his dreams a future, when he will play with his grandchildren and great grandchildren, and he has a deep faith in the kind and benevolent' spirits which have endowed his life with a sense of peace and repose. He plans to build separate houses for his sons when they  get married as according to Paraja custom, married sons cannot live with  their parents. All his thoughts and dreams were exploited by a landowner , named Ram Bisoi, who not only exploited him financially, but also ruined his family. Thus, the novel depicts the exploitation of tribal groups through the protagonist Sukru Jani.

Discuss Paraja as a "Subaltern Novel" Or Can tribals be categorised as Subaltern in the novel Paraja? Support your answer.

 Discuss Paraja as a "Subaltern Novel" Or Can tribals be categorised as Subaltern in the novel Paraja? Support your answer.

                                                                                                              June-2012

Watch the summary at Student Help 

Ans. The term Subaltern means'of inferior rank, a term adopted by Antonio Gramsci to refer to those groups in society who are subject of the ruling classes.

 Hegemonic notions help the ruling forces to dominate suppressed classes by couching and cushioning their imperial power the in words like social order, stability and advancement.

 Some of the hegemonic central methods are social discriminations, racial prejudices gender biases, cultural differences and a split in humanistic values they have  Subaltern groups are fragmented and marginalized because little or no access to the means of control both in social and cultural institutions.

Their dissent or resistance is crushed and their voice remains either unheard .

The subaltern is a standard term designating a subject that has been constructed, colonised and internalised by the authoritative forces .

The marginalised person does try to resist and rebel, but to what extent is questionable and debatable In the novel Paraja, we witness the 'Paraja' tribals as the subalterns who are manipulated by the ruling feudal forces operative in that area.

 They are the marginalized peoplewho are unable to raise fist or voice and even if they try, their fate is as of Sukru Jani. They are doomed forever.

Their resistance is meaningless. They are devoid of the basic facilities required by a human being.

 Sukru Jani an illiterate is roped into the nexus of moneylenders and officials for no fault of his. He asks for permission from the Forest Guard to clear a patch of land in the forest for agricultural purposes, which is duly given, but verbally.

Let us not forget that in tribal customs the oral word carries more weight. Oral tradition and orature is part and parcel of their lives.

 Later when Sukru Jani's daughter Jili refus advances of the Forest Guard, he (Sukru Jani) is harassed ted by the nexus of officials including the people of the village.He  and his son become bonded labouresrd ;his son is caught brewing liquor illegally and to pay off his fine, he too has to surrender his services to the moneylender. The suffering does not end here. Jili is sexually exploited by the moneylender Ram Bisoi and whenever Sukru Jani raises his voice in protest either for land or money, he is suppressed and with the passage of time he neither has land, nor money nor a family. Sukru Jani is a representative of many such people who are faced with similar problems at times suffer more than him. When Sukru Jani knocks on the door of the court, here too, because of his being uneducated and unaware of the law, he is at the losing end. Money changes hands and once again, he is defeated and feels horribly cheated. The constant oppression and enslavement enforced by the rich and the socially higher ups results in the apparent action of his sons when they hack the moneylender to pieces And at a sub-conscious level, they make people hear their voices. Lenin had said that 'the proletariat has nothing to lose and nothing to gain' Sukru Jani is a figure who has nothing to lose in life and he is aware that there is nothing much that he can achieve or gain either. So he becomes a rebel. The voice of the subaltern is in rebellion. The speech of the marginalised is in his/her actions. The fighting spirit of these peripheral people of society is their stand against oppression. 

Q4. "Gotis, Tikra! From today we are gotis, slaves! Discuss the importance of this observation in Paraja. [Dec-2011][June 2014]

Q4. "Gotis, Tikra! From today we are gotis, slaves! Discuss the  importance of this observation in Paraja. [Dec-2011][June 2014]

View the summary on our channel at Student Help

 Ans. The events in the novel Paraja begin in winter and trace th misfortunes of Sukru Jani and his family through a span of a full year ti next December. In the novel, we are introduced with the knowledge about the life o the 'Paraja' tribe inclusive of their food habits, their clothes and their residential accommodations and all description spells out their simplicity. We are introduced to the protagonist Sukru Jani and his family who have been living in peace. Their needs are simple and their desires are limited Sukru Jani's wife Sombari is dead. A man-eating tiger had carried her away and thereafter the husband Sukru Jani has been living with his two sons- Mandia and Tikra, and his two daughters-Jili and Bili. Further, the story broadens our vision about the life style of the Paraja. If men worked in the fields and forests, then the women of the house took care of the daily household chores, whether it was cooking washing or other household works. Then, the story gives a clear vision to the destruction of poor, ignorant and illiterate people in the hands of the cunning and powerful people, and it is how the misery of the family is described in the novel. The People of the village advise Sukru Jani to raise a loan from the moneylender Ram Bisoi and in exchange become a debt bound goti or a bonded labourer. Sukru Jani is not ready to exchange his shelter and freedom as he has never questioned the legality of his actions, and has not realized that he is not the owner of the land he has been tilling as his own. Now, Sukru Jani was trapped in the despair and misery. The past nd present visions merge in front of his eyes. But by the next day, he is are that he has no choice except to go to the moneylender The tragic drama that will unfold as a result of his decision to borrow money mortgaging himself as a goti or a bonded labourer to Sahukar Ramchandra Bisoi starts and continues in this novel. The tribal folk seek loans from him for the bride price that the Paraja men have to pay and for buying grain, etc. In Sukru Jani's case, a loan of fifty rupees is raised, an agreement signed and smeared with thumb impressions; a deed of which Sukru Jani does not understand a word. And that day spells doomsday for Sukru Jani's family. From today we are gotis, my son; we have signed the agreement and from today we are gotis! 'His eyes filled with tears and his chest heaved with great sighs. The ageing father threw his arms round his son, broke into sobs and said Gotis, Tikra! From today we are gotis, slaves! The cloud that passes over Sukru Jani's family brings tears, sorrow and unhappiness. Sukru Jani and Tikra have to work as gotis for the moneylender Ram Bisoi who lives eight miles away from Sarsupadar. For a debt bound labourer, each day is of hard labour and the days are never ending. Thus, the given statement describes about the miserable condition of Sukru and his family in the village. He was financially destroyed.

Paraja By Gopinath Mohanty.

Paraja an Introduction.

Watch summary at Student Help  Paraja is a novel of modern Indian fiction, which was originally written in Oriya in 1945 and later translated into English by Bikram K Das in 1987 tells on an epic scale, the story of a tribal patriarch and his family in the mountainous jungles of Orissa.

 The slow decline in the fortunes of this family om the quiet prosperity of a subsistence livelihood towards bondage to the moneylender is both poignantly individualized as well as symbolic of  erosion of a whole way of life within peasant communities.
 The novel 'Paraja' is all about a tribe in Koraput district of Orissa.
 It manifests the geographical details, feudal background, the economic and naterial resources and the unremarkable bond between man and nature with social customs, rituals and rites.

What is Character in English Literature? Definition and explanation.

CHARACTER

Character very simply put would mean a figure in any literary piece of work.

•  Characters could be, both human as well as non - human entities such as animals or even inanimate entities - that however, have been personified by the author/ novelist.

•  The  word character also connotes a sense of morality.

•  In the seventeenth and eighteenth century England and France, the term character used to mean or  refer to a literary genre.

•  As far back as the late 4th Century and early 3 Century BC, the term characters was used and it meant a genre in which a character type, rather than a truly individual being/ character was sketched in a brief work written in prose or,verse.

• Having begun with the 4h Century BC let us now look at what other critics have to say and.at what character (s) has meant down the ages.

• A character may also be a personae in a novel/ a drama/ a poem who has been endowed with physical, moral and psychological attributes by the novelist in such a way as to ensure that we as readers come to look upon them as real.

• For a character to be good, the novelist would have to present him/ her in a very convincing, plausible and consistent manner and his/ her attitude should not appear to self- contradictory.

• If at all such self- contradictions arise then it is crucial for us to look at and analyze why this has happened or what the novelist wanted us to understand from this.

• Some novelists could make the character stand out by exaggerating his or her physical demeanor while others may depict their characters subtle.If the physical demeanor is exaggerated then the character could emerge like a cartoon or in a very incongruous manner. In which case, she or he would not be a character but a caricature. Dickens has numerous caricatures in his novels.

• There are two types of characters Flat Characters and Round Characters. 

Distinction between loose plot and organic plot.

Notes By Student Help

Different types of plots are

 (a) Loose plot and the

 (b) Organic plot.

Distinction between loose plot and organic plot is that….

(a) Loose plot

 In the case of loosely constructed plot the ( story is composed of a number of detached incidents with very little necessary or logical connection among themselves.

 And the unity of the narrative depending not on the machinery of the action but on the person or hero, who is the only binding factor.

The examples he gives of such loosely constructed plots are Robinson Crusoe By Daniel Defoe, Vanity Fair by William Makepeace Thackeray and Nicholas Nickleby by Charles Dickens.

(b) Organic plot

When separate incidents are neatly dovetailed and not treated episodically and  form the integral components of a definite plot - pattern then it is an example of an Organic Plot

 The entire plan of the novel in this case, has to be in place the story, the characters, the events and even the manner in which the novelist would like to combine or converge to bring about the catastrophe.

Example A Tale Of Two Cities by Charles Dickens.

Things Fall Apart Themes

Things Fall Apart Themes

Memory/Documentary

Digression is one of Achebe's main tools. The novel is the story of Okonkwo's tragedy, but it is also a record of Igbo life before the coming of the white man. The novel documents what the white man destroyed. The reader learns much about Igbo customs and traditions; depicting this world is a central part of the novel.
Social disintegration
Towards the end of the novel, we witness the events by which Igbo society begins to fall apart. Religion is threatened, Umuofia loses its self-determination, and the very centers of tribal life are threatened. These events are all the more painful for the reader because so much time has been spent in sympathetic description of Igbo life; the reader realizes that he has been learning about a way of life that no longer exists.

Greatness and ambition

Okonkwo is determined to be a lord of his clan. He rises from humble beginnings to a position of leadership, and he is a wealthy man. He is driven and determined, but his greatness comes from the same traits that are the source of his weaknesses. He is often too harsh with his family, and he is haunted by a fear of failure.
Fate and free will
There is an Igbo saying that when a man says yes, his chi, or spirit, says yes also. The belief that he controls his own destiny is of central importance to Okonkwo. Later, several events occur to undermine this belief, and Okonkwo is embittered by the experience. As often happens with tragedy, the catastrophe comes through a complex mix of external forces and the character's choices.

Masculinity

Masculinity is one of Okonkwo's obsessions, and he defines masculinity quite narrowly. For him, any kind of tenderness is a sign of weakness and effeminacy. Male power lies in authority and brute force. But throughout the novel, we are shown men with more sophisticated understanding of masculinity. Okonkwo's harshness drives Nwoye away from the family and into the arms of the new religion.

Fear

For all of his desire to be strong, Okonkwo is haunted by fear. He is profoundly afraid of failure, and he is afraid of being considered weak. This fear drives him to rashness, and in the end contributes to his death.

Tribal belief

Particularly since one of the threats to Igbo life is the coming of the new religion, tribal belief is a theme of some importance. Igbo religious beliefs explain and provide meaning to the world; the religion is also inextricable from social and political institutions. Achebe also shows that Igbo religious authorities, such as the Oracle, seem to possess uncanny insights. He approaches the matter of Igbo religion with a sense of wonder.

Justice

Justice is another powerful preoccupation of the novel. For the Igbo, justice and fairness are matters of great importance. They have complex social institutions that administer justice in fair and rational ways. But the coming of the British upsets that balance. Although the British claim that local laws are barbaric, and use this claim as an excuse to impose their own laws, we soon see that British law is hypocritical and inhumane. The final events leading up to Okonkwo's death concern the miscarriage of Justice under the British District Commissioner.

Things Fall Apart Character List

Things Fall Apart Character List

Okonkwo

Proud, ambitious, and ill-tempered, Okonkwo is the tragic hero of Things Fall Apart. An ambitious man who has risen from nothing to a man of importance in his tribe, Okonkwo rules his family with an iron fist. He is deeply dedicated to the traditions and social hierarchies of his people, and he is determined that his sons and daughters follow his demanding example. The indignities forced on him and his people by the British eventually prove to be too much for him. After an act of defiance which goes unsupported by his people, Okonkwo gives in to despair. He kills himself, partly so that he will not be executed under the white man's laws and partly because he is grieving for the death of his people.

Unoka

Okonkwo's father. He died when Okonkwo was very young, and he was a failure. Shame for Unoka drives Okonkwo to work tirelessly. Unoka died in debt and humiliation; the memory of him gives Okonkwo a terrible fear of failure.

Ikemefuna

A young boy given to Umuofia by a neighboring village as tribute. Ikemefuna is sacrificed to prevent a war. He lives in Umuofia for three years, under Okonkwo's roof; Okonkwo looks at him as a son, and to Nwoye he becomes best friend and brother. He is killed by the tribe; out of fear that otherwise people will think him weak, Okonkwo participates in the boy's death.

Nwoye

Okonkwo's son. Nwoye is sensitive and thoughtful, but he is also somewhat lazy and sulky. Okonkwo is harsh with the boy, fearing that he will become like Unoka. After the death of Ikemefuna, something breaks in Nwoye. Later, he converts to Christianity, in part to escape his father. His betrayal embitters and outrages Okonkwo.

Ogbuefi Ezeudu

One of the oldest men in Umuofia. He warns Okonkwo not to participate in Ikemefuna's death. Later, at Ezeudu's funeral, Okonkwo's gun explodes and kills a boy, which leads to Okonkwo's exile.

Nwoye's mother

Never named, Nwoye's mother is Okonkwo's first wife. She is a generous woman, and she has been fortunate in the number of children she has had.

Ojiugo

Okonkwo's third and youngest wife. Okonkwo beats her savagely during the Week of Peace, and must pay a heavy fine to the earth goddess.

Ekwefi

Okonkwo's second wife. In her youth, she was one of the great beauties of Umuofia. She has had ten children, but only one has survived. She is a formidable and brave woman, devoted to her surviving daughter, Ezinma.

Ezinma

Clever and brave, Ezinma starts as a precocious but sickly child. She is Okonkwo's favorite daughter, and seems to understand his moods. His attitude toward her shows the more tender side of his character. She grows into a beautiful and strong young woman.

Obierika

Okonkwo's great friend, and another prosperous and powerful man in the tribe. Obierika is also thoughtful. He is less misogynistic than Okonkwo, and he has no love for unnecessary violence. He is a compassionate and just man.

Chielo/ Priestess of Agbala (Oracle of the Hills and the Caves)

In normal life, Chielo is a widow and an ordinary woman. But she is also the Priestess of Agbala, and when the power of prophecy comes to her she is possessed by the godhead. She is one of the most powerful figures of the clan; now important decision can be made without her approval.

Okagbue, the Medicine Man

The Medicine Man helps Ekwefi to try and make Ezinma "stay." They fear that she will die like the earlier children, but the Medicine Man succeeds in finding the supernatural cause of her sickliness.

Uchendu

Okonkwo's uncle. Elderly and wise, Uchendu is an impressive but gentle patriarch. Even Okonkwo submits to his authority.

Akwiku

Okonkwo's cousin. He informs Okonkwo that Nwoye is among the Christians.

Mr. Kiaga

A Christian African, Mr. Kiaga heads the congregation in Mbanto. He is a gentle and wise man, full of unshakeable faith.

Mr. Brown

A white man and missionary. He strives to compromise with the clan; though he is determined to win converts, he restrains the excessive and violent zeal of some of the converts. He eventually falls ill due to overwork.

Mr. Smith

Mr. Brown's replacement. Mr. Smith is neither wise nor compromising. Under him, the fanatics flourish. His foolishness brings the Christians of Umuofia into direct conflict with the clan.

District Commisioner

The head of British government in Umuofia. He dispenses justice in total ignorance of local circumstances, and his attitude is arrogant and hypocritical.

Things Fall Apart Summary

Character List

Things Fall Apart Summary

The bulk of the novel takes place in Umuofia, a cluster of nine villages on the lower Niger. Umuofia is a powerful clan, skilled in war and with a great population, with proud traditions and advanced social institutions.

Okonkwo has risen from nothing to a high position. Through hard work, he has become a great man among his people. He has taken three wives and his barn is full of yams, the staple crop. He rules his family with an iron fist.

One day, a neighboring clan commits an offense against Umuofia. To avoid war, the offending clan gives Umuofia one virgin and one young boy. The girl is to become the offended party's new wife. The boy, whose name is Ikemefuna, is to be sacrificed, but not immediately. He lives in Umuofia for three years, and during that time he lives under Okonkwo's roof. He becomes like a part of Okonkwo's family. In particular, Nwoye, Okonkwo's oldest son, loves Ikemefuna like a brother. But eventually the Oracle calls for the boy's death, and a group of men take Ikemefuna away to kill him in the forest. Okonkwo, fearful of being perceived as soft-hearted and weak, participates in the boy's death. He does so despite the advice of the clan elders. Nwoye is spiritually broken by the event.

Okonkwo is shaken as well, but he continues with his drive to become a lord of his clan. He is constantly disappointed by Nwoye, but he has great love for his daughter Ezinma, his child by his second wife Ekwefi. Ekwefi has born ten children, but only Ezinma has survived. She loves the girl fiercely. Ezinma is sickly, and sometimes Ekwefi fears that Ezinma, too, will die. Late one night, the powerful Oracle of Umuofia brings Ezinma with her for a spiritual encounter with the earth goddess. Terrified, Ekwefi follows the Oracle at a distance, fearing harm might come to her child. Okonkwo follows, too.

Later, during a funeral for one of the great men of the clan, Okonkwo's gun explodes, killing a boy. In accordance with Umuofia's law, Okonkwo and his family must be exiled for seven years.

Okonkwo bears the exile bitterly. Central to his beliefs is faith that a man masters his own destiny. But the accident and exile are proof that at times man cannot control his own fate, and Okonkwo is forced to start over again without the strength and energy of his youth. He flees with his family to Mbanto, his mother's homeland. There they are received by his mother's family, who treat them generously. His mother's family is headed by Uchendu, Okonkwo's uncle, a generous and wise old man.

During Okonkwo's exile, the white man comes to both Umuofia and Mbanto. The missionaries arrive first, preaching a religion that seems mad to the Igbo people. They win converts, but generally the converts are men of low rank or outcasts. However, with time, the new religion gains momentum. Nwoye becomes a convert. When Okonkwo learns of Nwoye's conversion, he beats the boy. Nwoye leaves home.

Okonkwo returns to Umuofia to find the clan sadly changed. The church has won some converts, some of whom are fanatical and disrespectful of clan custom. Worse, the white man's government has come to Umuofia. The clan is no longer free to judge its own; a District Commissioner judges cases in ignorance. He is backed by armed power.

During a religious gathering, a convert unmasks one of the clan spirits. The offense is grave, and in response the clan decides that the church will no longer be allowed in Umuofia. They tear the building down. Soon afterward, the District Commissioner asks the leaders of the clan, Okonkwo among them, to come see him for a peaceful meeting. The leaders arrive, and are quickly seized. In prison, they are humiliated and beaten, and they are held until the clan pays a heavy fine.

After a release of the men, the clan calls a meeting to decide whether they will fight or try to live peacefully with the whites. Okonkwo wants war. During the meeting, court messengers come to order the men to break up their gathering. The clan meetings are the heart of Umuofia's government; all decisions are reached democratically, and an interference with this institution means the end of the last vestiges of Umuofia's independence. Enraged, Okonkwo kills the court messenger. The other court messengers escape, and because the other people of his clan did not seize them, Okonkwo knows that his people will not choose war. His act of resistance will not be followed by others. Embittered and grieving for the destruction of his people's independence, and fearing the humiliation of dying under white law, Okonkwo returns home and hangs himself.

How does dickens represent the French Revolution in A Tale Of Two Cities?

How does dickens represent the French Revolution in A Tale Of Two Cities?

                                                                                                                                Answer By Student Help on Demand.

·        Despite recognizing its inevitability and the aristocracy’s responsibility in precipitating(causing) it, Dickens does not justify the revolution, far less sympathize with it.

·        On the contrary, Dickens conceptualizes the events culminating in the revolution almost entirely in Carlylean (In term Of author Thomas Carlyle who was a Scottish essayist and historian)terms.

·        In A Tale of Two Cities, as in Carlyle's work the revolution is above all a reaction to aristocratic oppression; the terrible crop that grows out of the seed that the aristocracy have sown, and as such incorporates the worst features of what it seeks to overthrow.

·        As Dickens puts it in the last chapter of the novel: Crush humanity out of shape once more, under similar hammers and it will twist itself into the same tortured forms. Sow the same seed of rapacious licence and oppression once again, and it will surely yield the same fruit according to its kind.

·        In A Tale of Two Cities Dickens uses a whole range of techniques to paint the revolution in the most lurid of colours, the blood-wine imagery is introduced somewhat ambiguously. When the impoverished inhabitants of St. Antoine rush to lap up the red wine spilt on the streets, we respond above all to their poverty and when a "tall joker", dips his finger in.the red wine and scrawls the word "Blood" on a nearby wall we assume that a justifiable connection is being made between an oppressed people and a bloody revolution.

·        On the other hand, however, the new connotation that wine acquires already implicates the people in the act of blood drinking, and when Dickens speaks of "the tigerish(representing tiger) smear about the mouth" of one of the revelers it becomes impossible to separate the notion of the revolutionary masses from the idea of cannibalism.

·        As the novel progresses, the blood imagery is systematically delinked from its more positive connotations, such as liberation, sacrifice or the idea that revolution is a justifiable response to oppression, and associated more and more with predatoriness.

·        In Dickens's direct descriptions of the events in France, blood becomes the staple diet of La Guillotine !

·        This conception of the revolution as nothing more than a protracted orgy of bloodletting(murder and chaos), provides Dickens with the justification of projecting the revolution not as a sequence of real events but as a nightmare. In the scene in which the men and women come to the grindstone to sharpen their weapon.

·        In A Tale of Two Cities, as in so much of the conservative writing on the French Revolution, the events of the 1790s are associated not just wit? blood and gore but also with the complete breakdown of order, both civic and natural. The idea that the revolutionary legislators were in "a violent haste" to pull everything down was of course at the heart of Burke's idea of the revolution. In A Tale of Two Cities this breakdown of "order" is manifest in the functioning of the revolutionary courts.

·        In these circumstances it is not surprising that the jury precipitates the most "unnatural" of situations where the testimony of Darnay's own father-in-law becomes the means of condemning him.

·        Almost all the conservative writers on the French Revolution had reacted with horror at the "desexualizing"(loss of the native characters of a sex) of women during the revolution Burke had written with loathing about the unnatural acts of women "lost to all shame", and Carlyle of tllc violent speech and gestures, of the "manly women " from whose girdle "pistols are seen sticking". In A Talc of Two Cities the embodiment of this kind of "unnatural" woman is of course Mme Defarge.

श्रम दक्षता संबंधी विज्ञान

श्रम दक्षता संबंधी विज्ञान

·        कर्मचारियों के स्वास्थ्य को नुकसान पहुंचाए बिना उनकी कार्यक्षमता को बढ़ाया जा सके, ऐसा विज्ञान होता है|

·        लोगों को अपने जीवनकाल में किसी न किसी समय रीढ़ की हड्डी में दर्द की शिकायत से जूझना पड़ता है। ऐसे में काम करने के गलत तरीकों और गलत मुद्राओं में बैठने और काम करने से समस्या और भी अधिक बढ़ जाती है।

·        एरगोनॉमिक्स विज्ञान पूर्णतया उत्पादन से सम्बंधित है। इसमें बहुत अधिक लागत की आवश्यकता नहीं होती है, किन्तु यह वस्तु की अभिकल्पना करने से पूर्व गहन विचार चाहती है और अच्छी अभिकल्पना का अर्थ अधिक उत्पादकता तथा अर्थव्यवस्था है।

·        एर्गोनॉमिक्स यानी व्यक्तिगत जरूरतों के हिसाब से दैनिक व्यवहार में आने वाली मशीनों (वर्कस्टेशन) को अपनी आवश्यकतानुसार ढालने का विज्ञान बेहद लाभदायक है।

·        कर्मचारियों के स्वास्थ्य के लिये लाभदायक और सुविधाजनक वर्कस्टेशन उनकी कार्यक्षमता और उपस्थिति में सुधार कर सकते हैं।

·        एर्गोनॉमिक्स के अनुसार ढले वर्कस्टेशन्स को कर्मचारियों के बैठने और काम करने के स्वस्थ तौर तरीकों के अनुसार ढाला जा सकता है।

·        इसके द्वारा पीठ दर्द जैसी बहुत सी परेशानियों से बचना आसान रहता है। इस विज्ञान पर आधारित फर्नीचर भी बाजार में आसानी से उपलब्ध है। आकार और गुणवत्ता के आधार पर इसकी कीमत तय होती है। यह फर्नीचर लोगों को काम करने का आरामदेह और स्वस्थ माहौल उपलब्ध करवाता है।

·        इस प्रकार आंतरिक सज्जा विशेषज्ञ (इंटीरियर डिज़ाइनर) के लिए भी एर्गोनॉमिक्स का ज्ञान परमावश्यक होता है, ताकि स्पेस प्लानिंग सही रूप से संभव हो सके।